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VCAM-1
Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, also known as VCAM1, is a human gene.
Additional recommended knowledge
StructureVCAM-1 contains six or seven immunoglobulin domains, and is expressed on both large and small vessels only after the endothelial cells are stimulated by cytokines. FunctionVCAM-1 promotes the adhesion of lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Interestingly, certain melanoma cells can use VCAM-1 to adhere to the endothelium, and VCAM-1 may participate in monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic sites. As a result, VCAM-1 is a potential drug target. Upregulation of VCAM-1 in endothelial cells by cytokines occurs as a result of increased gene transcription (e.g., in response to Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1, aka IL-1) and through stabilization of Messenger RNA (mNRA) (e.g., Interleukin-4, aka IL-4). The promoter region of the VCAM-1 gene contains functional tandem NF-kB (nuclear factor-kappa B) sites. The sustained expression of VCAM-1 lasts over 24 hours. Primarily, VCAM-1 is an endothelial ligand for VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen-1 or α4β1) of the β1 subfamily of integrins, and for integrin α4β7. VCAM-1 expression has also been observed in other cell types (e.g., smooth muscle cells). References
Further reading
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "VCAM-1". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |