Terminalia (plant)

Terminalia is a genus of large trees of the flowering plant family, Combretaceae, comprising around 100 species distributed in tropical regions of the world. This genus gets it name from Latin terminus, referring to the fact that the leaves appear at the very tips of the shoots.

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Trees of this genus are known especially as a source of secondary metabolites, e.g. cyclic triterpenes and their derivatives, flavonoids, tannins, and other aromatics. Some of these substances have antifungal, antibacterial, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective indications.

Selected species

• Terminalia alata (T. elliptica, T. tomentosa) – Indian Laurel
• Terminalia altissima (T. superba) – White afara
• Terminalia amazonia (T. hayesii, Chuncoa amazonia) – White Olive
• Terminalia angustifolia (T. bentzoe, T. bentzoin)
• Terminalia arborea (T. citrina)
• Terminalia arenicola
• Terminalia argentea
• Terminalia arjuna (Pentaptera arjuna, Pentaptera glabra) – Arjuna, Koha, White Marudah
• Terminalia australis – Palo amarillo, Tanimbú
• Terminalia bellirica (Myrobalanus bellirica) – beleric
• Terminalia bialata – Indian Silver Greywood, Silver Greywood
• Terminalia brachystemma
• Terminalia brassii
• Terminalia brownii
• Terminalia buceras (Bucida buceras) – Black olive
• Terminalia bursarina - Bendee
• Terminalia calamansanai
• Terminalia catappa – Indian almond, Tropical almond, Umbrella tree
• Terminalia chebula (T. reticulata) – Black Myrobalan, Chebulic Myrobalan, Inknut
• Terminalia cherrieri
• Terminalia ciliata
• Terminalia citrina
• Terminalia copelandii (T. procera)
• Terminalia corticosa (T. mucronata)
• Terminalia edulis (T. microcarpa)
• Terminalia elliptica - Indian-laurel (T. alata, T. tomentosa)
• Terminalia erythrophylla (T. erythrophyllum)
• Terminalia ferdinandiana — Kakadu plum
• Terminalia foetidissima (T. ovocarpa)
• Terminalia franchetii (T. triptera)
• Terminalia glabrescens
• Terminalia glaucifolia
• Terminalia hayesii
• Terminalia ivorensis – Idigbo, Black Afara, Blackbark, Brimstone Wood, Shingle Wood
• Terminalia kaernbachii (T. okari) – okari nut
• Terminalia macroptera
• Terminalia mantaly - Madagascar almond
• Terminalia molinetii (Bucida molinetii)
• Terminalia muelleri
• Terminalia myriocarpa
• Terminalia nitens
• Terminalia oblonga
• Terminalia oblongata
• Terminalia obovata
• Terminalia oliveri
• Terminalia paniculata
• Terminalia pellucida
• Terminalia phanerophlebia
• Terminalia phellocarpa
• Terminalia prunioides - Purple pod terminalia
• Terminalia pterocarpa
• Terminalia samoensis
• Terminalia schimperiana
• Terminalia sericea - Silver terminalia
• Terminalia seriocarpa - Damson
• Terminalia subspathulata
• Terminalia superba – Limba
• Terminalia tetrandra
• Terminalia triflora
• Terminalia trifoliata
• Terminalia tripteroides
• Terminalia volucris - Rosewood