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Stork enamine alkylation



Stork enamine alkylation, also known as the Stork-Enamine reaction, involves the addition of an enamine to an alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl acceptor in a process similar to the Michael reaction [1]. The product is then hydrolyzed by an aqueous acid to produce a 1,5-dicarbonyl compound.

The process:

  1. formation of an enamine from a ketone
  2. addition of the enamine to and alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone
  3. hydrolysis of the enamine back to a ketone

The reaction is named after its inventor: Gilbert Stork.


In a special case of this reaction type it is also possible to alkylate ketones or aldehydes with alkyl halides as less reactive electrophiles [2]:

In this method a carbonyl compound is converted to an imine by alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution with a primary amine. The imine is then reacted with an Grignard reagent to the corresponding magnesium salt to an intermediate capable of displacing a halide. Hydrolysis once again yields the alkylated ketone.

References

  1. ^ McMurry, John (2003-03-21). Organic Chemistry (Hardcover), 6th edition, Belmont, CA: Thomson-Brooks/Cole. ISBN 0-534-38999-6. 
  2. ^ A New Method for the Alkylation of Ketones and Aldehydes: the C-Alkylation of the Magnesium Salts of N-Substituted Imines Gilbert Stork and Susan R. Dowd J. Am. Chem. Soc.; 1963; 85(14) pp 2178 - 2180; doi:10.1021/ja00897a040
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Stork_enamine_alkylation". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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