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Sodium valproate

Main article: Valproic acid


Sodium valproate
Systematic (IUPAC) name
sodium 2-propylpentanoate
Identifiers
CAS number	1069-66-5
ATC code	N03AG01
PubChem	14047
Chemical data
Formula	C₈H₁₅Na O₂
Mol. mass	166.20 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	90–95%
Metabolism	75% by CYP enzymes
Half life	9–18 hours
Excretion	20% excreted as glucuronide
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	D(AU) D(US)
Legal status	POM(UK) ℞-only(US)
Routes	Oral, i.v.

Sodium valproate (INN) or valproate sodium (USAN) is the sodium salt of valproic acid and is an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, as well as other psychiatric conditions requiring the administration of a mood stabilizer. The intravenous formulations are used when oral administration is not possible.

Additional recommended knowledge

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Formulations

Trade names are in bold, followed by the manufacturer.

U.S.

Intravenous injection – Depacon by Abbott Laboratories.
Syrup – Depakene by Abbott Laboratories. (Note Depakene capsules are valproic acid).

UK and Australia

Tablets – Orlept by Wockhardt and Epilim by Sanofi-Aventis.
Oral solution – Orlept Sugar Free by Wockhardt and Epilim by Sanofi-Aventis.
Syrup – Epilim by Sanofi-Aventis.
Intravenous injection – Epilim Intravenous by Sanofi-Aventis.
Extended release tablets – Epilim Chrono by Sanofi-Aventis. A combination of sodium valproate and valproic acid in a 2.3:1 ratio.
Enteric-coated tablets – Epilim EC200 by Sanofi-synthélabo. A 200 mg sodium valproate enteric-coated tablet.

Germany, Switzerland, Norway

Tablets – Orfiril by Desitin Pharmaceuticals
Intravenous injection – Orfiril IV by Desitin Pharmaceuticals

South Africa

Syrup – Convulex by Byk Madaus
Tablets – Epilim by sanofi~synthelabo

Canada

Intravenous injection – Epival or Epiject by Abbott Laboratories.
Syrup – Depakene by Abbott Laboratories. Generic formulations include Apo-Valproic and ratio-Valproic.

Others

In much of Europe, Depakine and Depakine Chrono are equivalent to Epilim and Epilim Chrono above.

v • d • e Anticonvulsants (N03)
Barbiturates	Barbexaclone, Metharbital, Methylphenobarbital, Pentobarbital, Phenobarbital, Primidone
Hydantoins	Ethotoin, Fosphenytoin, Mephenytoin, Phenytoin
Oxazolidinediones	Ethadione, Paramethadione, Trimethadione
Succinimides	Ethosuximide, Mesuximide, Phensuximide
Benzodiazepines	Clobazam, Clonazepam, Clorazepate, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Midazolam, Nitrazepam, Temazepam
Carboxamides	Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Rufinamide
Fatty acid derivatives	Valpromide, Valnoctamide
Carboxylic acids	Valproic acid (Sodium valproate & Valproate semisodium), Tiagabine
Others	GABA analogs: Gabapentin, Pregabalin, Progabide, Vigabatrin -- Monosaccharides: Topiramate -- Aromatic allylic alcohols: Stiripentol -- Ureas: Phenacemide, Pheneturide -- Phenyltriazines: Lamotrigine Carbamates: Emylcamate, Felbamate, Meprobamate -- Pyrrolidines: Brivaracetam, Levetiracetam, Nefiracetam, Seletracetam Sulfa drugs: Acetazolamide, Ethoxzolamide, Sultiame, Zonisamide -- Propionates: Beclamide -- Aldehydes: Paraldehyde -- Bromides: Potassium bromide, Sodium bromide

Categories: Anticonvulsants | Mood stabilizers | Teratogens

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Sodium_valproate". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.