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Silver oxide
Silver oxide is the chemical compound with the formula Ag2O. It is a fine black or dark brown powder that is used to prepare other silver compounds. Additional recommended knowledge
PreparationSilver oxide is commercially available. It can be easily prepared by combining aqueous solutions of silver nitrate and an alkali hydroxide.[1] Noteworthy is the fact that this reaction does not afford appreciable amounts of silver hydroxide due to the favorable energetics for the following reaction:[2]
PropertiesLike most binary oxides, Ag2O is a three-dimensional polymer with covalent metal-oxygen bonding. It is therefore expected that Ag2O is insoluble in all solvents,[3] except by reaction. It is also slightly soluble in aqueous solution due to the formation of the ion, Ag(OH)2– and possibly related hydrolysis products.[4] It hydrolyzes only slightly in water (1 part in 40,000) and dissolves in ammonium hydroxide solution to give soluble derivatives. A slurry of Ag2O is readily attacked by acids:
where HX = HF, HCl, HBr, or HI, HO2CCF3. It will also react with solutions of alkali chlorides to precipitate silver chloride, leaving a solution of the corresponding alkali hydroxide.[5][4] Like many silver compounds, silver oxide is photosensitive. It also decomposes at temperatures above 200 °C.[3] ApplicationsSilver oxide is used in a silver-oxide battery. Silver oxide reacts easily with ligand precursors such as 1,3-disubstituted imidazolium or benzimidazolium salts to generate the corresponding N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. These silver complexes are useful as carbene-transfer agents, easily displacing labile ligands such as cyclooctadiene or acetonitrile. This is a common way of synthesizing transition metal carbene complexes.[6] References
See also
Categories: Silver compounds | Oxides |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Silver_oxide". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |