Siderite

Siderite is also the name of a type of iron meteorite.

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  Siderite is a mineral composed of iron carbonate FeCO₃. It takes its name from the Greek word sideros, “iron”. It is a valuable iron mineral, since it is 48% iron and contains no sulfur or phosphorus. Both magnesium and manganese commonly substitute for the iron.

Its crystals belong to the hexagonal system, and are rhombohedral in shape, typically with curved and striated faces. It also occurs in masses. Color ranges from yellow to dark brown or black, the latter being due to the presence of manganese.

Siderite is commonly found in hydrothermal veins, and is associated with barite, fluorite, galena, and others. It is also a common diagenetic mineral in shales and sandstones. In sedimentary rocks, siderite often forms at shallow burial depths and its elemental composition is often related to the depositional environment of the enclosing sediments (Mozley, 1989). In addition, a number of recent studies have used the oxygen isotopic composition of sphaerosiderite (a type associated with soils) as a proxy for the isotopic composition of meteoric water shortly after deposition (e.g., Ludvigson et al., 1998).

Hardness: 3.5-4 Specific Gravity: 3.8 Streak: white Luster: vitreous or pearly

Also, siderite is an obsolete term for a meteorite consisting principally of nickel and iron.

Bibliography

Ludvigson, G.A., Gonzalez, L.A. Metzger, R.A., Witzke, B.J., Brenner, R.L. , Murillo, A.P.and White, T.S., 1998, Meteoric sphaerosiderite lines and their use for paleohydrology and paleoclimatology: Geology, v. 26, p. 1039-1042.

Mozley, P.S., 1989, Relation between depositional environment and the elemental composition of early diagenetic siderite: Geology, v. 17, p. 704- 706.

The Complete Book of Science, American Education Publishing, Columbus, Ohio 2005