SL-651,498

SL-651,498 is an anxiolytic and anticonvulsant drug used in scientific research, with a chemical structure most closely related to β-carboline derivatives such as abecarnil and gedocarnil.^[1] It has similar effects to benzodiazepine drugs, but is structurally distinct and so is classed as a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic.

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SL-651,498 is a subtype-selective GABA_A agonist, which acts as a full agonist at α2 and α3 subtypes, and as a partial agonist at α1 and α5 (although its action at α5 subtypes is much weaker than at the others). In animal studies, it has primarily anxiolytic effects, although some sedation, ataxia and muscle relaxant effects are observed at higher doses.^[2] It substitutes fully for the anxiolytic benzodiazepine chlordiazepoxide, but only partially substituted for the imidazopyridine hypnotic drug zolpidem and the benzodiazepine hypnotic triazolam.^[3][4] When given repeatedly it failed to produce tolerance or dependence, probably due to its low affinity and efficacy at the α5 subtype.^[5]

SL-651,498 has been suggested for development as a novel non-sedating anxiolytic drug for humans, however it has not yet been developed for this use and is currently used only in animal research.^[6]

References

1. ^ Sevrin M, Maloizel C, Evanno Y, Legalloudec O, George P. (Sanofi-Synthelabo). 1H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indole-4-carboxamide derivatives, preparation and application thereof in therapeutics. US Patent 6075021
2. ^ Griebel G, Perrault G, Simiand J, Cohen C, Granger P, Depoortere H, Françon D, Avenet P, Schoemaker H, Evanno Y, Sevrin M, George P, Scatton B. SL651498, a GABAA receptor agonist with subtype-selective efficacy, as a potential treatment for generalized anxiety disorder and muscle spasms. CNS Drug Reviews. 2003 Spring;9(1):3-20.
3. ^ Griebel G, Perrault G, Simiand J, Cohen C, Granger P, Decobert M, Françon D, Avenet P, Depoortere H, Tan S, Oblin A, Schoemaker H, Evanno Y, Sevrin M, George P, Scatton B. SL651498: an anxioselective compound with functional selectivity for alpha2- and alpha3-containing gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) receptors. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2001 Aug;298(2):753-68.
4. ^ Licata SC, Platt DM, Cook JM, Sarma PV, Griebel G, Rowlett JK. Contribution of GABAA receptor subtypes to the anxiolytic-like, motor, and discriminative stimulus effects of benzodiazepines: studies with the functionally selective ligand SL651498 [6-fluoro-9-methyl-2-phenyl-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl-carbonyl)-2,9-dihydro-1H-pyridol[3,4-b]indol-1-one]. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2005 Jun;313(3):1118-25.
5. ^ Mirza NR, Nielsen EØ. Do subtype-selective gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor modulators have a reduced propensity to induce physical dependence in mice? Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2006 Mar;316(3):1378-85.
6. ^ Whiting PJ. GABA-A receptors: a viable target for novel anxiolytics? Current Opinion in Pharmacology. 2006 Feb;6(1):24-9.