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Ribose

Ribose^[1]

IUPAC name	(3R,4S,5R)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2,3,4-triol
Identifiers
CAS number	200-059-4
PubChem	5779
SMILES	C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)O)O
Properties
Molecular formula	C₅H₁₀O₅
Molar mass	150.13
Appearance	White solid
Melting point	99 °C, 372 K, 210 °F
Solubility in water	Very soluble
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Ribose (ɹˈaɪbəʊs^[2], ɹˈaɪbəɹʊs^[3]), primarily seen as D-ribose, is an aldopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde functional group in its linear form. It has the chemical formula C₅H₁₀O₅, and was discovered in 1905 by Phoebus Levene.

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As a component of the RNA that is used for genetic transcription, ribose is critical to living creatures. It is related to deoxyribose, which is a component of DNA. It is also a component of ATP, NADH, and several other chemicals that are critical to metabolism.

Refer to the article on deoxyribose for more information on both sugars, how they relate to each other, and how they relate to genetic material.

Isomerism

D-Ribose has the same configuration at its penultimate carbon atom as D-glyceraldehyde.

References

^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 8205.
^ Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
^ Oxford English Dictionary

General:	Aldose \| Ketose \| Pyranose \| Furanose
Geometry:	Triose \| Tetrose \| Pentose \| Hexose \| Heptose \| Cyclohexane conformation \| Anomer \| Mutarotation
Small/Large:	Glyceraldehyde \| Dihydroxyacetone \| Erythrose \| Threose \| Erythrulose \| Sedoheptulose
Trioses:	ketotriose \| Aldotriose
Tetroses:	Erythrulose \| Erythrose \| Threose
Pentoses:	Arabinose \| Deoxyribose \| Lyxose \| Ribose \| Ribulose \| Xylose \| Xylulose
Hexoses:	Glucose \| Galactose \| Mannose \| Gulose \| Idose \| Talose \| Allose \| Altrose \| Fructose \| Sorbose \| Tagatose \| Psicose \| Fucose \| Rhamnose
Disaccharides:	Sucrose \| Lactose \| Trehalose \| Maltose
Polymers:	Glycogen \| Starch (Amylose \| Amylopectin) \| Cellulose \| Chitin \| Stachyose \| Inulin \| Dextrin
Glycosaminoglycans:	Heparin \| Chondroitin sulfate \| Hyaluronan \| Heparan sulfate \| Dermatan sulfate \| Keratan sulfate
Aminoglycosides:	Kanamycin \| Streptomycin \| Tobramycin \| Neomycin \| Paromomycin \| Apramycin \| Gentamicin \| Netilmicin \| Amikacin

Categories: Monosaccharides | Aldopentoses

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Ribose". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.