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Quinoline Yellow WS

Quinoline Yellow WS

IUPAC name	Sodium 2-(1,3-dioxoindan-2-yl)quinolinedisulfonate
Other names	Food Yellow 13, Acid yellow 3, Quinidine Yellow KT, Japan Yellow 203, Lemon Yellow ZN 3, C.I. 47005
Identifiers
CAS number	8004-92-0
PubChem	24671
EINECS number	305-897-5
Properties
Molecular formula	C₁₈H₁₃N₁O_5/8/11S_1/2/3Na_1/2/3
Molar mass	477.38 g/mol
Appearance	Greenish yellow powder
Melting point	150°C (decomp.)
Solubility in water	4 g/100 ml
Hazards
Main hazards	Harmful (Xn)
R-phrases	R22
Flash point	S24/25, S28A, S37, S45
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Quinoline yellow, Quinoline Yellow WS, C.I. 47005, or Food Yellow 13, is a yellow food dye. Chemically it is a mixture of disulfonates (principally), monosulfonates and trisulfonates of 2-(2-quinolyl) indan-1,3-dione. It is also listed under CAS number [80583-08-0].

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Quinoline Yellow SS (Spirit Soluble) is its form insoluble in water. It lacks the sulfonate group.

Uses

It is more commonly known as E104 in terms of E numbers. It is a food colorant that induces a dull yellow, or greenish yellow colour. It can be found in ices, cough sweets, scotch eggs and smoked haddock. It is one of the colors that the Hyperactive Children's Support Group recommends be eliminated from the diet of children. It may cause contact dermatitis. Whilst being a commonly used color in the UK, its use is banned in Japan and the United States. It was banned in Australia but its use has been permitted since 2003.

It is used as a pigment for tattoos.

Health effects

A study commissioned by the UK's Food Standards Agency found that when used in a mixture of other preservatives, increased levels of hyperactivity in children were observed.^[1]