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Prilocaine


Prilocaine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-propylamino-propanamide
Identifiers
CAS number	721-50-6
ATC code	N01BB04
PubChem	4906
DrugBank	APRD00180
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₃H₂₀N₂O
Mol. mass	220.311 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	55%
Metabolism	Hepatic and renal
Half life	10-150 minutes, longer with impaired hepatic or renal function
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	B (U.S.)
Legal status
Routes	?

Prilocaine (pronounced /ˈpraɪloʊkeɪn/) is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type. In its injectable form (trade name Citanest), it is often used in dentistry. It is also often combined with lidocaine as a preparation for dermal anesthesia (lidocaine/prilocaine or EMLA). As it has low cardiac toxicity, it is commoly used for intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA).

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In some patients, a metabolite of prilocaine may cause the unusual side-effect of methaemoglobinaemia.

Maximum dosage for dental use: 6.0mg/kg (2.7mg/lb), with a maximum dose of 400mg.

v • d • e Anesthetics: Local anesthetics (N01B)
Esters of aminobenzoic acid	Procaine, Tetracaine, Chloroprocaine, Benzocaine
Amides	Bupivacaine, Lidocaine, Mepivacaine, Prilocaine, Cinchocaine, Etidocaine, Articaine, Ropivacaine, Levobupivacaine
Esters of benzoic acid	Cocaine
Other	Hexylcaine, Iontocaine, Lidocaine/prilocaine