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Pentostatin



Pentostatin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
8-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]- 4,6,8,10- tetrazabicyclo[5.3.0] deca-4,9,11-trien-2-ol
Identifiers
CAS number 53910-25-1
ATC code L01XX08
PubChem 40926
DrugBank APRD00202
Chemical data
Formula C11H16N4O4 
Mol. mass 268.269 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability n/a
Protein binding 4%
Metabolism Hepatic, minor
Half life 2.6 to 16 hours, mean 5.7 hours
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

?

Legal status

℞-only(US)

Routes Intravenous

Pentostatin (Deoxycoformycin) is an anticancer chemotherapeutic drug. It is classified as a purine antimetabolite. It mimics the nucleoside adenosine and thus inhibits the enzyme adenosine deaminase, interfering with the cell's ability to process DNA. Cancer cells generally divide more often than healthy cells; DNA is highly involved in cell division (mitosis) and drugs which target DNA-related processes are therefore more toxic to cancer cells than healthy cells.

Pentostatin is commonly used to treat hairy cell leukemia. It is given by intravenous infusion once every two weeks for three to six months.

Though pentostatin is a purine antimetabolite, it may also be classified as a natural product anticancer chemotherapeutic, as it was originally isolated from the species of bacteria Streptomyces antibioticus.


v • d • e
Chemotherapeutic agents/Antineoplastic agents (L01)
Alkylating and alkylating-like agentsNitrogen mustards: (Chlorambucil, Chlormethine, Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Melphalan). Nitrosoureas:(Carmustine, Fotemustine, Lomustine, Streptozocin). Platinum (alkylating-like): (Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin, BBR3464). Busulfan, Dacarbazine, Procarbazine, Temozolomide, ThioTEPA, Uramustine
AntimetabolitesFolic acid: (Aminopterin, Methotrexate, Pemetrexed, Raltitrexed). Purine:(Cladribine, Clofarabine, Fludarabine, Mercaptopurine, Pentostatin, Thioguanine). Pyrimidine:(Capecitabine, Cytarabine, Fluorouracil, Floxuridine, Gemcitabine)
Spindle poison/mitotic inhibitorTaxane: (Docetaxel, Paclitaxel). Vinca: (Vinblastine, Vincristine, Vindesine, Vinorelbine).
Cytotoxic/antitumor antibioticsAnthracycline family: (Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone, Valrubicin) - streptomyces (Actinomycin, Bleomycin, Mitomycin, Plicamycin) - Hydroxyurea
Topoisomerase inhibitorsCamptotheca: (Camptothecin, Topotecan, Irinotecan), Podophyllum:(Etoposide, Teniposide)
CI monoclonal antibodiesReceptor tyrosine kinase (Cetuximab, Panitumumab, Trastuzumab) - CD20 (Rituximab, Tositumomab) - other (Alemtuzumab, Bevacizumab, Gemtuzumab)
PhotosensitizersAminolevulinic acid, Methyl aminolevulinate, Porfimer sodium, Verteporfin
Tyrosine kinase inhibitorsDasatinib, Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Imatinib, Lapatinib, Nilotinib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib
Otherretinoids (Alitretinoin, Tretinoin) - Altretamine, Amsacrine, Anagrelide, Arsenic trioxide, Asparaginase (Pegaspargase), Bexarotene, Bortezomib, Denileukin diftitox, Estramustine, Ixabepilone, Masoprocol, Mitotane

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Pentostatin". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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