Nanofiltration

Nanofiltration is a relatively recent membrane process used most often with low TDS waters such as surface water and fresh groundwater, with the purpose of softening (polyvalent cation removal) and removal of disinfection by-product precursors such as natural organic matter and synthetic organic matter ^{[1] [2]}.

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Nanofiltration is also becoming more widely used in food processing applications such as dairy for simultaneous concentration and partial (monovalent ion) demineralisation.

References

1. ^ Water Quality & Treatment, 5th Ed. American Water Works Association, 1999.
2. ^ Nanofiltration Membranes and Applications

Nano filtration is also used for desalination

See also

• filtration
• ultrafiltration
• reverse osmosis