Murashige and Skoog medium

Murashige and Skoog medium or (MSO or MS0 (MS-zero)) is a plant growth medium used in the laboratories for cultivation of plant cell culture. MSO was invented by plant scientists Toshio Murashige and Folke K Skoog during Murashige's search for a new plant growth regulator. It is the most commonly used medium in plant tissue culture experiments.

Additional recommended knowledge

Daily Sensitivity Test

What is the Correct Way to Check Repeatability in Balances?

Daily Visual Balance Check

Ingredients

Macronutrients

• Ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) 1,650 mg/l
• Boric acid (H₃BO₃) 6.2 mg/l
• Calcium chloride (CaCl₂ · 2H₂O) 440 mg/l
• Cobalt chloride (CoCl₂ · 6H₂O) 0.025 mg/l
• Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄ · 7H₂O) 370 mg/l
• Cupric sulfate (CuSO₄ · 5H₂O) 0.025 mg/l
• Potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄) 170 mg/l
• Ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄ · 7H₂O) 27.8 mg/l
• Potassium nitrate (KNO₃) 1,900 mg/l
• Manganese sulfate (MnSO₄ · 4H₂O) 22.3 mg/l
• Potassium iodide (KI) 0.83 mg/l
• Sodium molybdate (Na₂MoO₄ · 2H₂O) 0.25 mg/l
• Zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄ · 7H₂O) 8.6 mg/l
• Na₂EDTA · 2H₂Oa 37.2 mg/lb

Common organic additives

• i-Inositol 100 mg/l
• Niacin 0.5 mg/l
• Pyridoxine · HCl 0.5 mg/l
• Thiamine · HCl 0.1 mg/l
• IAA 1–30 mg/l
• Kinetin 0.04–10 mg/l
• Glycine (recrystallized) 2.0 g/l
• Edamine 1.0 g/l
• Sucrose 20 g/l
• Agar 10 g/l

References

• Murashige T and Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15(3): 473-497.