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Mercury beating heart



In electrochemistry, the mercury beating heart is an effect observed in mercury demonstrating the effect of a non-homogeneous electrical double layer [1]. It is often used as a classroom demonstration.

Contents

The experiment

In the experiment a droplet of mercury is placed in a watch glass, immersed in an electrolyte such as sulfuric acid which contains an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate. When the mercury is touched by the tip of an iron nail the drop starts to oscillate.

The explanation

An electrical double layer forms between the surface of the mercury droplet and the electrolyte solution. At rest this layer is uniform. When the iron tip is introduced a redox reaction starts in which iron is oxidized to the ferric ion. At the same time the oxidizing reagent is spent for instance when hydrogen peroxide together with hydronium ions is reduced to water. Because the oxidation only takes place in the vicinity of the tip and the reduction process covers the whole droplet surface the surface tension is no longer homogeneous resulting in oscillations.

The mercury beating heart was first observed by Carl Adolf Paalzow in 1858. Jöns Jakob Berzelius is reported to have used electrodes.

See also

References

  1. ^ Mercury Beating Heart: Modifications to the Classical Demonstration Najdoski, Metodija; Mirceski, Valentin; Petruševski, Vladimir M.; Demiri, Sani. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1292. Abstract
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Mercury_beating_heart". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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