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List of baryons



This is a list of baryons, which are the family of subatomic particles each made of three quarks. See also quark model.

Antiparticles are not listed in the table; however, they simply would have all quarks changed to antiquarks, and their baryon number, strangeness, charm, and bottomness quantum numbers would have their signs flipped.

Note, in the table, that all have baryon number as +1. Other symbols include: "p" for pion; "γ" for gamma radiation; "K" for kaon (or K-meson); and "J/ψ" for the subatomic particle of a flavor-neutral meson consisting of a charm quark and a charm anti-quark.

Baryons
Particle Symbol Makeup Rest mass
MeV/c² 		Spin S C B Mean lifetime
s 		Decays to
Proton p uud 938.3 1/2 0 0 0 Stable[1] Unobserved
Neutron n ddu 939.6 1/2 0 0 0 885.7±0.8[2] p + e- + νe
Delta Δ++ uuu 1232 3/2 0 0 0 6×10-24 π+ + p
Delta Δ+ uud 1232 3/2 0 0 0 6×10-24 π+ + n
or π0 + p
Delta Δ0 udd 1232 3/2 0 0 0 6×10-24 π0 + n
or π- + p
Delta Δ- ddd 1232 3/2 0 0 0 6×10-24 π- + n
Lambda Λ0 uds 1115.7 1/2 -1 0 0 2.60×10-10 π- + p
or πo + n
charmed Lambda Λ+c udc 2285 1/2 0 +1 0 2.0×10-13
bottom Lambda Λ0b udb 5624 1/2 0 0 -1 1.2×10-12
Sigma Σ+ uus 1189.4 1/2 -1 0 0 0.8×10-10 π0 + p
or π+ + n
Sigma Σ0 uds 1192.5 1/2 -1 0 0 6×10-20 Λ0 + γ
Sigma Σ- dds 1197.4 1/2 -1 0 0 1.5×10-10 π- + n
bottom Sigma Σ+b uub 1/2 0 0 -1 Λ0b + π+
bottom Sigma Σ-b ddb 1/2 0 0 -1 Λ0b + π-
Xi Ξ0 uss 1315 1/2 -2 0 0 2.9×10-10 Λ0 + π0
Xi Ξ- dss 1321 1/2 -2 0 0 1.6×10-10 Λ0 + π-
charmed Xi Ξ+c usc 2466 1/2 -1 +1 0 4.4×10-13
charmed Xi Ξ0c dsc 2472 1/2 -1 +1 0 1.1×10-13
bottom Xi Ξ-b dsb 5792±3 1/2 -1 0 -1 1.42×10-12 Ξ-+J/ψ (seen)
Omega Ω- sss 1672 3/2 -3 0 0 0.82×10-10 Λ0 + K-
or Ξ0 + π-
charmed Omega Ω0c ssc 2698 1/2 -2 +1 0 7×10-14

[1]at least 1035 years. See Proton decay.
[2]for free neutrons; in most common nuclei, neutrons are stable.

Baryon diagrams

   

Combinations of three u, d or s-quarks with a total spin of 3/2 form the so-called baryon decuplet.

The baryon octet consists of 8 light spin-1/2 baryons (prefix "oct-" for "eight").

See also

References

  • Complete baryon info from Particle Data Group website
  • HyperPhysics (Georgia State University)
  • "CDF finds exotic relatives of protons and neutrons", Fermilab Today, 2006-10-23
  • "First observation of heavy baryons Sigma(b) and Sigma(b)*"
  • "Direct observation of the strange b baryon Xi(b)-"
  • "Observation and mass measurement of the baryon Xi(b)-"
v • d • e
Particles in physics
Elementary particlesFermions:  Quarks: u · d · s · c · b · t • Leptons: e- · e+ · μ- · μ+ · τ- · τ+ · νe · νμ · ντ
Bosons:  Gauge bosons: γ · g · W± · Z0 
Other:  Ghosts 
Composite particlesHadrons:  Baryons(list)/Hyperons/Nucleons: p · n · Δ · Λ · Σ · Ξ · Ω · Ξb • Mesons(list)/Quarkonia: π · K · ρ · J/ψ · Υ
Other:  Atomic nuclei • Atoms • Exotic atoms: Positronium • Molecules
Hypothetical elementary particlesSuperpartners: Axino · Dilatino · Chargino · Gluino · Gravitino · Higgsino · Neutralino · Sfermion · Slepton · Squark
Other: Axion · Dilaton · Goldstone boson · Graviton · Higgs boson · Tachyon · X · Y · W' · Z'
Exotic hadrons:  Exotic baryons: Pentaquark • Exotic mesons: Glueball · Tetraquark
Other:  Mesonic molecule
QuasiparticlesDavydov soliton · Exciton · Magnon · Phonon · Plasmon · Polariton · Polaron
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List_of_baryons". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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