Naturally occurring Ruthenium (Ru) is composed of seven isotopes. The most stable radioisotopes are 106Ru with a half-life of 373.59 days, 103Ru with a half-life of 39.26 days and 97Ru with a half-life of 2.9 days.
Additional recommended knowledge
Fifteen other radioisotopes have been characterized with atomic weights ranging from 89.93 u (90Ru) to 114.928 u (115Ru). Most of these have half-lives that are less than five minutes except 95Ru (half-life: 1.643 hours) and 105Ru (half-life: 4.44 hours).
The primary decay mode before the most abundant isotope, 102Ru, is electron capture and the primary mode after is beta emission. The primary decay product before 102Ru is technetium and the primary mode after is rhodium.
Standard atomic mass: 101.07(2) u
Table
nuclide symbol
| Z(p)
| N(n)
| isotopic mass (u)
| half-life
| nuclear spin
| representative isotopic composition (mole fraction)
| range of natural variation (mole fraction)
|
excitation energy
|
87Ru
| 44
| 43
| 86.94918(64)#
| 50# ms [>1.5 µs]
| 1/2-#
|
|
|
88Ru
| 44
| 44
| 87.94026(43)#
| 1.3(3) s [1.2(+3-2) s]
| 0+
|
|
|
89Ru
| 44
| 45
| 88.93611(54)#
| 1.38(11) s
| (7/2)(+#)
|
|
|
90Ru
| 44
| 46
| 89.92989(32)#
| 11.7(9) s
| 0+
|
|
|
91Ru
| 44
| 47
| 90.92629(63)#
| 7.9(4) s
| (9/2+)
|
|
|
91mRu
| 80(300)# keV
| 7.6(8) s
| (1/2-)
|
|
|
92Ru
| 44
| 48
| 91.92012(32)#
| 3.65(5) min
| 0+
|
|
|
93Ru
| 44
| 49
| 92.91705(9)
| 59.7(6) s
| (9/2)+
|
|
|
93m1Ru
| 734.40(10) keV
| 10.8(3) s
| (1/2)-
|
|
|
93m2Ru
| 2082.6(9) keV
| 2.20(17) µs
| (21/2)+
|
|
|
94Ru
| 44
| 50
| 93.911360(14)
| 51.8(6) min
| 0+
|
|
|
94mRu
| 2644.55(25) keV
| 71(4) µs
| (8+)
|
|
|
95Ru
| 44
| 51
| 94.910413(13)
| 1.643(14) h
| 5/2+
|
|
|
96Ru
| 44
| 52
| 95.907598(8)
| STABLE [>67E+15 a]
| 0+
| 0.0554(14)
|
|
97Ru
| 44
| 53
| 96.907555(9)
| 2.791(4) d
| 5/2+
|
|
|
98Ru
| 44
| 54
| 97.905287(7)
| STABLE
| 0+
| 0.0187(3)
|
|
99Ru
| 44
| 55
| 98.9059393(22)
| STABLE
| 5/2+
| 0.1276(14)
|
|
100Ru
| 44
| 56
| 99.9042195(22)
| STABLE
| 0+
| 0.1260(7)
|
|
101Ru
| 44
| 57
| 100.9055821(22)
| STABLE
| 5/2+
| 0.1706(2)
|
|
101mRu
| 527.56(10) keV
| 17.5(4) µs
| 11/2-
|
|
|
102Ru
| 44
| 58
| 101.9043493(22)
| STABLE
| 0+
| 0.3155(14)
|
|
103Ru
| 44
| 59
| 102.9063238(22)
| 39.26(2) d
| 3/2+
|
|
|
103mRu
| 238.2(7) keV
| 1.69(7) ms
| 11/2-
|
|
|
104Ru
| 44
| 60
| 103.905433(3)
| STABLE
| 0+
| 0.1862(27)
|
|
105Ru
| 44
| 61
| 104.907753(3)
| 4.44(2) h
| 3/2+
|
|
|
106Ru
| 44
| 62
| 105.907329(8)
| 373.59(15) d
| 0+
|
|
|
107Ru
| 44
| 63
| 106.90991(13)
| 3.75(5) min
| (5/2)+
|
|
|
108Ru
| 44
| 64
| 107.91017(12)
| 4.55(5) min
| 0+
|
|
|
109Ru
| 44
| 65
| 108.91320(7)
| 34.5(10) s
| (5/2+)#
|
|
|
110Ru
| 44
| 66
| 109.91414(6)
| 11.6(6) s
| 0+
|
|
|
111Ru
| 44
| 67
| 110.91770(8)
| 2.12(7) s
| (5/2+)
|
|
|
112Ru
| 44
| 68
| 111.91897(8)
| 1.75(7) s
| 0+
|
|
|
113Ru
| 44
| 69
| 112.92249(8)
| 0.80(5) s
| (5/2+)
|
|
|
113mRu
| 130(18) keV
| 510(30) ms
| (11/2-)
|
|
|
114Ru
| 44
| 70
| 113.92428(25)#
| 0.53(6) s
| 0+
|
|
|
115Ru
| 44
| 71
| 114.92869(14)
| 740(80) ms
|
|
|
|
116Ru
| 44
| 72
| 115.93081(75)#
| 400# ms [>300 ns]
| 0+
|
|
|
117Ru
| 44
| 73
| 116.93558(75)#
| 300# ms [>300 ns]
|
|
|
|
118Ru
| 44
| 74
| 117.93782(86)#
| 200# ms [>300 ns]
| 0+
|
|
|
119Ru
| 44
| 75
| 118.94284(75)#
| 170# ms [>300 ns]
|
|
|
|
120Ru
| 44
| 76
| 119.94531(86)#
| 80# ms [>300 ns]
| 0+
|
|
|
Notes
- Geologically exceptional samples are known in which the isotopic composition lies outside the reported range. The uncertainty in the atomic mass may exceed the stated value for such specimens.
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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