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Iridium(III) chloride

Safety data

Other names	Iridium trichloride
Identifiers
CAS number	10025-83-9
EINECS number	233-044-6
Properties
Molecular formula	IrCl₃
Molar mass	298.58 g/mol (anhydrous)
Appearance	dark green solid hygroscopic
Density	5.30 g/cm³, solid
Melting point	763 °C (decomp.)
Solubility in water	soluble
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation Δ_fH^o₂₉₈	-257 kJ/mol
Hazards
EU classification	not listed
Flash point	non-flammable
Related Compounds
Other anions	Iridium(III) fluoride Iridium(III) bromide Iridium(III) iodide
Other cations	Iridium(II) chloride Iridium(IV) chloride Rhodium(III) chloride
Related compounds	Osmium(III) chloride Platinum(II) chloride
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Iridium(III) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula IrCl₃. This salt and the related hydrate are the principal starting materials for most iridium chemistry. The anhydrous salt is a dark green crystalline solid, which is very hygroscopic. It is usually encountered as a non-stoïchiometric hydrate CAS number [14996-61-3]) which has a highly variable water content.

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Preparation

Iridium is separated from the other platinum group metals as crystalline ammonium hexachloroiridate(IV), [NH₄]₂[IrCl₆] (CAS number [16940-92-4]), which can be reduced to iridium metal in a stream of hydrogen. The spongy metal produced is reacted with chlorine at 300-400°C to produce iridium(III) chloride.

Uses

Iridium(III) chloride is used as a starting material for the preparation of other iridium compounds. Vaska's complex, trans-[IrCl(CO)(PPh₃)₂], is prepared by refluxing IrCl₃ in dimethylformamide with excess triphenylphosphine.^[1] Alkene complexes such as the dimeric {Ir(COD)Cl}₂^[2]^,^[3] and {Ir(cycloctene)₂Cl}₂^[3]^[2] can also be prepared by refluxing IrCl₃ with the appropriate alkene in water/alcohol mixtures.

Safety

Iridium(III) chloride is not listed under Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC, but is usually classified as irritant, R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. It is listed in the inventory of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA).

Bibliography

Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd Edition, Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.

References

The references in this article would be clearer with a different or consistent style of citation, footnoting, or external linking.

^ Vaska, L.; & DiLuzio, J. W. (1961) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83:2784. Girolami, G.S.; Rauchfuss, T.B.; Angelici, R.J. (1999). Synthesis and Technique in Inorganic Chemistry (3rd Edn.). Sausalito:University Science Books.
^ ^a ^b Winkhaus, G.; & Singer, H. (1966). Iridium(I)-Olefinkomplexe. Chem. Ber. 99:3610–18.
^ ^a ^b Herde, J. L.; Lambert, J. C.; & Senoff, C. V. (1974). Cyclooctene and 1,5-Cyclooctadiene Complexes of Iridium(I). Inorg. Synth. 15:18–20.

Categories: Chlorides | Iridium compounds | Metal halides

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Iridium(III)_chloride". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.