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Ion transporter

"Ion pump" redirects here. For pumps that reduce pressure, see Ion pump (physics).

In biology, an ion transporter, also called an ion pump, is a transmembrane protein that moves ions across a plasma membrane against their concentration gradient, in contrast to ion channels, were ions go through passive transport

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Energy source

Such ion pumps can use energy from a variety of sources, including ATP or the concentration gradient of another ion (sometimes called an "ion exchanger"). Symporters transport an ions down their concentration gradient to fuel the transport of another type of ion in the same direction, while antiporters also use the concentration gradient in this same manner but transport in the opposite direction. For a more detailed description of one particular kind of ion pump, see Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase.

v • d • e Membrane proteins, carrier proteins: membrane transport proteins
ABC-transporter	A1, A2, A4, A12, B1, B2-3, B4, B5, B11, C1, C2, C4, C5, C6, C8, C8-9, C11, D1, D3, E1, G1, G2, G5, G8
Solute carrier	1A1-7, 1A1, 1A2, 1A3, 1A5, 2A1, 2A2, 2A3, 2A4, 3A1, 3A2, 4A1, 4A4, 4A7, 5A1-2, 5A5, 6A1, 6A2, 6A3, 6A8, 6A4, 7A5, 7A9, 8A1-3, 9A1, 9A3, 10A2, 11A1, 11A2, 11A3, 12A1-2, 12A3, 15A1, 17A5, 17A6-8, 18A1, 18A2, 18A3, 19A1, 19A2, 19A3, 22A1, 22A2, 22A3, 22A4, 22A5, 22A6, 23A1, 23A2, 24A1-2, 24A5, 25A4-6, 25A8, 25A13, 25A15, 25A20, 26A2, 26A3, 26A4, 29A1, 29A2, 30A8, 31A1, 31A2, 34A1, 37A4, 39A4, 40A1, O1B1
Monosaccharide	GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, GLUT4, GLUT5, GLUT8
Other	Amino acid (CD98) - Fatty acid (CD36) - Ion channels - Ion pumps - Mitochondrial membrane transport protein - Neurotransmitter transport proteins - Nuclear (Karyopherin)

v • d • e Membrane transport protein: ion pumps
Symporter, Cotransporter	Na+/K+/2Cl- - Na/Pi3 - Na+/Cl- - Na/glucose - Na+/I- - Cl-/K+ (4, 5)
Antiporter (exchanger)	Na+/H+ - Na+/Ca2+ (Na+/(Ca2+-K+)) - Cl-/HCO3- (Band 3) - Cl-formate exchanger - Cl-oxalate exchanger
ATPase	Cu++ - Ca+ (SERCA-ATP2A2, Plasma membrane) - Na+/K+ - H+/K+ - ATP synthase - H+ (F-type) - H+ (V-type)
Other	Uniporter - Halorhodopsin - Proton pump