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Glycerol (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on glycerol.

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1 Material Safety Data Sheet
2 Structure and properties
3 Thermodynamic properties
4 Vapor pressure of liquid
5 Freezing point of aqueous solutions
6 Distillation data
7 Spectral data
8 References

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, n_D	1.4729 at 20°C
Abbe number	?
Dielectric constant, ε_r	42.5 ε₀ at 25 °C
Bond strength	?
Bond length	?
Bond angle	?
Magnetic susceptibility	?
Surface tension	63 dyn/cm at 20°C 59 dyn/cm at 90°C 52 dyn/cm at 150°C
Viscosity^[1]	4220 mPa·s at 2.8°C 1069 mPa·s at 20°C

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point	291.8 K (18.7 °C), ? Pa
Critical point	850 K (577 °C), 7500 kPa
Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ_fusH^o	18.28 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusion, Δ_fusS^o	62.7 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o	91.7 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o	201 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_solid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	150. J/(mol K) 6°C - 11°C
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid	–669.6 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	? J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH^o	–1654.3 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, c_p	221.9 J/(mol K) at 25°C
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas	–577.9 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_gas	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	? J/(mol K)

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg		1	10	40	100	400	760
T in °C		125.5	167.2	198.0	220.1	263.0	290.0

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed.

Freezing point of aqueous solutions

% glycerol by volume	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100
Freezing point °C	–1.6	–4.8	–9.5	–15.5	–22.0	–33.6	–37.8	–19.2	–1.6	17.0
Specific gravity d^15°	1.02415	1.40935	1.07560	1.10255	1.12985	1.15770	1.18540	1.21290	1.23950	1.26557

Table data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. Specific gravity is at 15°C, referenced to water at 15°C.

See details on: Freezing Points of Glycerine-Water Solutions Dow Chemical ^[3]

Distillation data

BP Temp. °C	% by mole water
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium of Glycerol/water^[4] P = 760 mmHg
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
278.8	2.75	93.15
247.0	4.67	94.73
224.0	6.90	95.63
219.2	7.67	97.43
210.0	9.01	97.83
202.5	10.31	97.24
196.5	11.59	98.39
175.2	17.56	98.99
149.3	30.04	99.64
137.2	38.47	99.76
136.8	38.95	98.78
131.8	43.58	99.76
121.5	56.33	99.84
112.8	70.68	99.93
111.3	73.86	99.94
106.3	84.42	99.96

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λ_max	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
IR
Major absorption bands	? cm⁻¹
NMR
Proton NMR
Carbon-13 NMR
Other NMR data
MS
Masses of main fragments

References

^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp 1669-1674
^ Pure Component Properties (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved on 13 May 2007.
^ Freezing Points of Glycerine-Water Solutions Dow Chemical
^ Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center.

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

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Category: Chemical data pages

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Glycerol_(data_page)". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.