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Forest-fire model
Additional recommended knowledgeIn applied mathematics, a forest-fire model is any of a number of dynamical systems displaying self-organized criticality. Note, however, that according to Pruessner et al. (2002, 2004) the forest-fire model does not behave critically on very large, i.e. physically relevant scales. Early versions go back to Henley (1989) and Drossel and Schwabel (1992). The model is defined as a cellular automaton on a grid with Ld cells. L is the sidelength of the grid and d is its dimension. A cell can be empty, occupied by a tree, or burning. The model of Drossel and Schwabl (1992) is defined by four rules which are executed simultaneously:
The controlling parameter of the model is p/f which gives the average number of trees planted between two lightning strikes (see Schenk et al. (1996) and Grassberger (1993)). In order to exhibit a fractal frequency-size distribution of clusters a double separation of time scales is necessary where Tsmax is the burn time of the largest cluster. The scaling behavior is not simple, however (Grassberger 1993,2002 and Pruessner et al. 2002,2004). A cluster is defined as a coherent set of cells, all of which have the same state. Cells are coherent if they can reach each other via nearest neighbor relations. In most cases, the von Neumann neighborhood (four adjacent cells) is considered. The first condition allows large structures to develop, while the second condition keeps trees from popping up alongside a cluster while burning. References
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Forest-fire_model". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |