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Fingolimod

Fingolimod

IUPAC name	2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]propane-1,3-diol
Identifiers
CAS number
PubChem	107969
SMILES	CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(C=C1)CCC(CO)(CO)N
Properties
Molecular formula	C₁₉H₃₃NO₂
Molar mass	307.471 g/mol
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Fingolimod (rINN, codenamed FTY720) is a novel immunosuppressant drug that causes lymphopenia by preventing egress of lymphocytes from lymph nodes. It is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulator.

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It is a chemical modification of the Myriocin (ISP-1) metabolite of the fungus Isaria sinclairii (Dong Chong Xia Cao). It is a structural analogue of sphingosine and gets phosphorylated by sphingosine kinases in the cell (most importantly sphingosine kinase 2).^[1]^[2] The molecular biology of this biological function lies in FTY720's activity at one of the five sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors, S1P1.^[3]] It is currently in phase III clinical trials as monotherapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.^[4] In a previous phase III trial of kidney transplantation, FTY720 was found to be no better than the existing standard of care.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Paugh SW, Payne SG, Barbour SE, Milstien S, Spiegel S (2003). "The immunosuppressant FTY720 is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase type 2". FEBS Lett 554 (1–2): 189–93. PMID 14596938.
^ Billich A, Bornancin F, Dévay P, Mechtcheriakova D, Urtz N, Baumruker T (2003). "Phosphorylation of the immunomodulatory drug FTY720 by sphingosine kinases". J Biol Chem 278 (48): 47408–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M307687200. PMID 13129923. Free full text
^ Hla T, Lee MJ, Ancellin N, Paik JH, Kluk MJ (2001). "Lysophospholipids--receptor revelations". Science 294 (5548): 1875–8. doi:10.1126/science.1065323. PMID 11729304.
^ Efficacy and Safety of Fingolimod in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. ClinicalTrials.gov (2007-08-20). Retrieved on 2007-11-06.