Electrical resistivities of the elements (data page)
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Electrical resistivity
| T
| 80 K (-193 °C)
| 273 K (0 °C)
| 293 K (20 °C)
| 298 K (25 °C)
| 300 K (27 °C)
| 500 K (227 °C)
|
| 3 Li lithium
|
| use
| 10.0 nΩm
| 85.3 nΩm
| 92.8 nΩm
| 94.7 nΩm
| 95.5 nΩm
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 1.00
| 8.53
| 9.28
| 9.47
| 9.55
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 9.28
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 9.4
|
| 4 Be beryllium
|
| use
| 0.75 nΩm
| 30.2 nΩm
| 35.6 nΩm
| 37.0 nΩm
| 37.6 nΩm
| 99 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.075
| 3.02
| 3.56
| 3.70
| 3.76
| 9.9
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 3.56
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 4
|
| 5 B boron
|
| use
|
|
| 1.5×104 Ωm
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 1.5×1012
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) > 1012
|
| 6 C carbon (diamond)
|
| use |
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 0.8 [sic]
|
|
|
|
| 6 C carbon (graphite)
|
| use |
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 1375
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) about 1000 - direction dependent
|
| 11 Na sodium
|
| use
| 8.0 nΩm
| 43.3 nΩm
| 47.7 nΩm
| 48.8 nΩm
| 49.3 nΩm
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.80
| 4.33
| 4.77
| 4.88
| 4.93
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 4.77
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 4.7
|
| 12 Mg magnesium
|
| use
| 5.57 nΩm
| 40.5 nΩm
| 43.9 nΩm
| 44.8 nΩm
| 45.1 nΩm
| 78.6 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.557
| 4.05
| 4.39
| 4.48
| 4.51
| 7.86
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 4.39
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 4.4
|
| 13 Al aluminium
|
| use
| 2.45 nΩm
| 24.17 nΩm
| 26.50 nΩm
| 27.09 nΩm
| 27.33 nΩm
| 49.9 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.245
| 2.417
| 2.650
| 2.709
| 2.733
| 4.99
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 2.6548
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 2.65
|
| 14 Si silicon
|
| use |
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 105
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) about 100000
|
| 15 P phosphorus
|
| use |
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| (white) 10 [sic]
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 10
|
| 16 S sulfur
|
| use
|
|
| (amorphous) 2×1015 Ωm
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| (amorphous) 2×1023
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) > 1023
|
| 17 Cl chlorine
|
| use
|
|
| > 10 Ωm
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| >109
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) > 1010
|
| 19 K potassium
|
| use
| 13.4 nΩm
| 64.9 nΩm
| 72.0 nΩm
| 73.9 nΩm
| 74.7 nΩm
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 1.34
| 6.49
| 7.20
| 7.39
| 7.47
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 7.2
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 7
|
| 20 Ca calcium
|
| use
| 6.5 nΩm
| 31.1 nΩm
| 33.6 nΩm
| 34.2 nΩm
| 34.5 nΩm
| 60. nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.65
| 3.11
| 3.36
| 3.42
| 3.45
| 6.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 3.36
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 3.4
|
| 21 Sc scandium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 56.2
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 70.9
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 26.9
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated from single crystal values 56.2
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 56.2
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 55
|
| 22 Ti titanium
|
| use
|
| 0.39 µΩm
| 0.420 µΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 39
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 42.0
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 40
|
| 23 V vanadium
|
| use
| 24.1 nΩm
| 181 nΩm
| 197 nΩm
| 201 nΩm
| 202 nΩm
| 348 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 2.41
| 18.1
| 19.7
| 20.1
| 20.2
| 34.8
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 19.7
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 20
|
| 24 Cr chromium
|
| use
|
| 118 nΩm
| 125 nΩm
| 126 nΩm
| 127 nΩm
| 201 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 11.8
| 12.5
| 12.6
| 12.7
| 20.1
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 12.5
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 12.7
|
| 25 Mn manganese
|
| use
| 1.32 µΩm
| 1.43 µΩm
| 1.44 µΩm
| 1.44 µΩm
| 1.44 µΩm
| 1.49 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 132
| 143
| 144
| 144
| 144
| 149
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 144
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 160
|
| 26 Fe iron
|
| use
| 6.93 nΩm
| 85.7 nΩm
| 96.1 nΩm
| 98.7 nΩm
| 99.8 nΩm
| 237 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.693
| 8.57
| 9.61
| 9.87
| 9.98
| 23.7
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 9.61
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 9.7
|
| 27 Co cobalt
|
| use
|
| 56 nΩm
| 62.4 nΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 5.6
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 6.24
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 6
|
| 28 Ni nickel
|
| use
| 5.45 nΩm
| 61.6 nΩm
| 69.3 nΩm
| 71.2 nΩm
| 72.0 nΩm
| 177 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.545
| 6.16
| 6.93
| 7.12
| 7.20
| 17.7
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 6.93
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 7
|
| 29 Cu copper
|
| use
| 2.15 nΩm
| 15.43 nΩm
| 16.78 nΩm
| 17.12 nΩm
| 17.25 nΩm
| 30.90 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.215
| 1.543
| 1.678
| 1.712
| 1.725
| 3.090
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 1.678
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 1.7
|
| 30 Zn zinc
|
| use
| 11.5 nΩm
| 54.6 nΩm
| 59.0 nΩm
| 60.1 nΩm
| 60.6 nΩm
| 108.2 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 1.15
| 5.46
| 5.90
| 6.01
| 6.06
| 10.82
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 5.9
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 5.9
|
| 31 Ga gallium
|
| use |
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 13.6
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (30 °C) 25.795
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 14
|
| 32 Ge germanium
|
| use
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 53000
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) about 50000
|
| 33 As arsenic
|
| use
|
|
| 333 nΩm
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 33.3
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 30
|
| 34 Se selenium
|
| use |
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| (amorphous) 1.2 [sic]
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) high
|
| 35 Br bromine
|
| use
|
|
| 7.8×1010 Ωm
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 7.8×1018
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) > 1018
|
| 37 Rb rubidium
|
| use
| 26.5 nΩm
| 115 nΩm
| 128 nΩm
| 131 nΩm
| 133 nΩm
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 2.65
| 11.5
| 12.8
| 13.1
| 13.3
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 12.8
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 12
|
| 38 Sr strontium
|
| use
| 36.4 nΩm
| 123 nΩm
| 132 nΩm
| 134 nΩm
| 135 nΩm
| 222 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 3.64
| 12.3
| 13.2
| 13.4
| 13.5
| 22.2
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 13.2
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 13
|
| 39 Y yttrium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 596 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 59.6
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 72.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 35.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 59.6
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 59.6
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 56
|
| 40 Zr zirconium
|
| use
| 66.4 nΩm
| 388 nΩm
| 421 nΩm
| 429 nΩm
| 433 nΩm
| 765 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 6.64
| 38.8
| 42.1
| 42.9
| 43.3
| 76.5
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 42.1
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 42
|
| 41 Nb niobium
|
| use
|
| 152 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 15.2
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 15.2
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 15
|
| 42 Mo molybdenum
|
| use
| 4.82 nΩm
| 48.5 nΩm
| 53.4 nΩm
| 54.7 nΩm
| 55.2 nΩm
| 106 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.482
| 4.85
| 5.34
| 5.47
| 5.52
| 10.6
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 5.34
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 5
|
| 43 Tc technetium
|
| use |
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (100 °C) 22.6
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 20
|
| 44 Ru ruthenium
|
| use
|
| 71 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 7.1
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 7.1
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 7.1
|
| 45 Rh rhodium
|
| use
|
| 43.3 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 4.3
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 4.33
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 4.3
|
| 46 Pd palladium
|
| use
| 17.5 nΩm
| 97.8 nΩm
| 105.4 nΩm
| 107.3 nΩm
| 108.0 nΩm
| 179.4 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 1.75
| 9.78
| 10.54
| 10.73
| 10.80
| 17.94
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 10.54
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 10
|
| 47 Ag silver
|
| use
| 2.89 nΩm
| 14.67 nΩm
| 15.87 nΩm
| 16.17 nΩm
| 16.29 nΩm
| 28.7 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.289
| 1.467
| 1.587
| 1.617
| 1.629
| 2.87
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 1.587
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 1.6
|
| 48 Cd cadmium
|
| use
|
| 68 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| use | (22 °C) 72.7 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 6.8
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (22 °C) 7.27
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 7
|
| 49 In indium
|
| use
|
| 0.080 µΩm
| 83.7 nΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 8.0
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 8.37
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 8
|
| 50 Sn tin
|
| use
|
| 115 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 11.5
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 11.5
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 11
|
| 51 Sb antimony
|
| use
|
| 0.39 µΩm
| 417 nΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 39
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 41.7
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 40
|
| 52 Te tellurium
|
| use |
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| (5.8–33)×10³
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) about 10000
|
| 53 I iodine
|
| use
|
| 1.3×107 Ωm
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 1.3×1015
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) > 1015
|
| 55 Cs caesium
|
| use
| 41.6 nΩm
| 187 nΩm
| 205 nΩm
| 208 nΩm
| 210 nΩm
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 4.16
| 18.7
| 20.5
| 20.8
| 21.0
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 20.5
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 20
|
| 56 Ba barium
|
| use
| 68.3 nΩm
| 302 nΩm
| 332 nΩm
| 0.340 µΩm
| 343 nΩm
| 724 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 6.83
| 30.2
| 33.2
| 34.0
| 34.3
| 72.4
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 33.2
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 35
|
| 57 La lanthanum
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 615 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 61.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 61.5
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 61.5
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 61
|
| 58 Ce cerium (beta, hex)
|
| use | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 828 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (beta, hex) (290 K–300 K) 82.8
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 82.8
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| (beta, hex) 82.8
|
|
|
|
| 58 Ce cerium (gamma, cubic)
|
| use | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 744 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
|
| 74.4
|
|
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 74.4
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 74
|
| 59 Pr praseodymium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.700 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 70.0
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 70.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 70.0
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 70
|
| 60 Nd neodymium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 643 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 64.3
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 64.3
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 64.3
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 64
|
| 61 Pm promethium
|
| use | (room temperature) estimated 0.75 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 75 est.
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 75 estimated
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
|
| 64.0
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 75
|
| 62 Sm samarium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.940 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 94.0
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 94.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 94.0
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 94
|
| 63 Eu europium
|
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.900 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 90.0
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 90.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 90.0
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 90
|
| 64 Gd gadolinium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.310 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 131
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 135.1
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 121.7
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 131.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 131
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 130
|
| 65 Tb terbium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.150 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 115
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 123.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 101.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 115.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 115
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 120
|
| 66 Dy dysprosium
|
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 926 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 92.6
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 111.0
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 76.6
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 92.6
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 92.6
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 91
|
| 67 Ho holmium
|
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 814 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 81.4
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (amorphous) 101.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 81.4
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 81.4
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 94
|
| 68 Er erbium
|
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.860 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 86.0
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (amorphous) 94.5
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.3
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 86.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 86.0
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 86
|
| 69 Tm thulium
|
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 676 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 67.6
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (amorphous) 88.0
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (crystalline) 47.2
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 67.6
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 67.6
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 70
|
| 70 Yb ytterbium
|
| use | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 0.250 µΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 25.0
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 25.0
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 25
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 28
|
| 71 Lu lutetium
|
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 582 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| (290 K–300 K) 58.2
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (amorphous) 76.6
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (crystalline) 34.7
|
| CR2 (10-8 Ωm)
| (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 58.2
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 58.2
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 56
|
| 72 Hf hafnium
|
| use
| 67.5 nΩm
| 304 nΩm
| 331 nΩm
| 337 nΩm
| 0.340 µΩm
| 631 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 6.75
| 30.4
| 33.1
| 33.7
| 34.0
| 63.1
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 33.1
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 30
|
| 73 Ta tantalum
|
| use
| 26.2 nΩm
| 122 nΩm
| 131 nΩm
| 134 nΩm
| 135 nΩm
| 229 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 2.62
| 12.2
| 13.1
| 13.4
| 13.5
| 22.9
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 13.5
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 13
|
| 74 W tungsten
|
| use
| 6.06 nΩm
| 48.2 nΩm
| 52.8 nΩm
| 53.9 nΩm
| 54.4 nΩm
| 103 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.606
| 4.82
| 5.28
| 5.39
| 5.44
| 10.3
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 5.28
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 5
|
| 75 Re rhenium
|
| use
|
| 172 nΩm
| 193 nΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 17.2
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 19.3
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 18
|
| 76 Os osmium
|
| use
|
| 81.2 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 8.1
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 8.12
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 8.1
|
| 77 Ir iridium
|
| use
|
| 47 nΩm
| 47.1 nΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 4.7
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 4.71
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 4.7
|
| 78 Pt platinum
|
| use
| 19.22 nΩm
| 96 nΩm
| 105 nΩm
| 107 nΩm
| 108 nΩm
| 183 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 1.922
| 9.6
| 10.5
| 10.7
| 10.8
| 18.3
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 10.6
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 10.6
|
| 79 Au gold
|
| use
| 4.81 nΩm
| 20.51 nΩm
| 22.14 nΩm
| 22.55 nΩm
| 22.71 nΩm
| 39.7 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 0.481
| 2.051
| 2.214
| 2.255
| 2.271
| 3.97
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 2.214
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 2.2
|
| 80 Hg mercury
|
| use
|
|
|
| 961 nΩm
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
|
| 96.1
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (solid) 21
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (liquid) 95.8
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 96
|
| 81 Tl thallium
|
| use
|
| 0.15 µΩm
| 0.18 µΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 15
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 18
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 15
|
| 82 Pb lead
|
| use
| 49 nΩm
| 192 nΩm
| 208 nΩm
| 211 nΩm
| 213 nΩm
| 383 nΩm
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
| 4.9
| 19.2
| 20.8
| 21.1
| 21.3
| 38.3
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 20.8
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 21
|
| 83 Bi bismuth
|
| use
|
| 1.07 µΩm
| 1.29 µΩm
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 107
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 129
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 130
|
| 84 Po polonium
|
| use
|
| (alpha) 0.40 µΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 40
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| (alpha) 40.0
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 43
|
| 88 Ra radium
|
| use
|
|
| 1 µΩm
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
|
| 100
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 100
|
| 90 Th thorium
|
| use
|
| 147 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| use | (22 °C) 15.4
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 14.7
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (22 °C) 15.4
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 15
|
| 91 Pa protactinium
|
| use
|
| 177 nΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| use | (22 °C) 19.1
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 17.7
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (22 °C) 19.1
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 18
|
| 92 U uranium
|
| use
|
| 0.280 µΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| CRC (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 28
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 28.0
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 28
|
| 93 Np neptunium
|
| use | (22 °C) 1.220 µΩm
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
| (22 °C) 122.0
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 120
|
| 94 Pu plutonium
|
| use
|
| 1.460 µΩm
|
|
|
|
|
| LNG (10-8 Ωm)
|
| 146.0
|
|
|
|
|
| WEL (10-8 Ωm)
| (293 K–298 K) 150
|
| T
| 80 K (-193 °C)
| 273 K (0 °C)
| 293 K (20 °C)
| 298 K (25 °C)
| 300 K (27 °C)
| 500 K (227 °C)
|
References
WEL
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
- G.W.C. Kaye and T. H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
- D.R. Lide, (ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
- J.A. Dean (ed) in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA, 14th edition, 1992.
CRC
As quoted from various sources in an online version of:
- David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 12, Properties of Solids; Electrical Resistivity of Pure Metals
CR2
As quoted in an online version of:
- David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Physical Properties of the Rare Earth Metals
which further refers to:
- Beaudry, B. J. and Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 173.
- McEwen, K.A., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 411.
LNG
As quoted from:
- J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 4, Table 4.1 Electronic Configuration and Properties of the Elements
|
