Dust collection system

A dust collection system is an accessory found in commercial and home woodworking shops used to collect wood dust, chips and shavings at the point of origin. Dust collection systems work on the same principle as central vacuum systems in homes: A fixed motor creates suction, which is distributed through the space via a network of rigid ducting and flexible hoses to the point of use. Suction can be further regulated with the use of blast gates.

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Types of Systems

Smaller dust collection systems use a 'single-stage' vacuum unit to create suction and perform air filtration where the waste material is drawn into an impeller and deposited into a container (bag, barrel, canister, etc). Air is recirculated into the shop after passing through an filter to trap smaller particulate.

Larger systems utilize a dual-stage (or two-stage) system, which separates larger particles from fine dust using a precollection device (cyclone, baffled canister, etc) before drawing the air through the impeller. Air from these units can then be exhausted outdoors or filtered and recirculated back into the work space.

Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program that also includes large airborne particle filtration units mounted to the ceiling of shop spaces and mask systems to be worn by workers. Air filtration units are designed to process large volumes of air to remove fine particles (2 to 10 micrometres) suspended in the air. Masks are available in a variety of forms, from simple cotton face masks to elaborate respirators with tanked air — the need for which is determined by the environment in which the worker is operating.

Dangers of Neglect

Proper dust collection and air filtration is an important element in any work space. Repeated exposure to wood dust can cause chronic bronchitis, emphysema, "flu like" symptoms, and have more dangerous results decades after exposure such as cancer. Wood dust also frequently contains chemicals and fungi which can become airborne and lodged deeply in the lungs, causing illness and damage.

See also

• Dust collector