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Thyroxine



Thyroxine
Identifiers
CAS number 7488-70-2
PubChem 853
MeSH Thyroxine
SMILES NC(Cc1cc(I)c(Oc2cc(I)c(O)
c(I)c2)c(I)c1)C(O)=O
Properties
Molecular formula C15H11I4NO4
Molar mass 776.87
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Thyroxine, or 3,5,3',5'-tetra­iodothyronine (often abbreviated as T4), a form of thyroid hormones is the major hormone secreted by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland.

T4 is transported in blood, with 99.95% of the secreted T4 being protein bound, principally to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), and, to a lesser extent, to transthyretin and serum albumin.

T4 is involved in controlling the rate of metabolic processes in the body and influencing physical development.


Note: Thyroxine is a prohormone and a reservoir for the active thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3).

T4 is converted in the tissues by deiodinases to T3.

The "D" isomer is called "Dextrothyroxine"[1] and is used as a lipid modifying agent.[2]

The half-life of thyroxine once released into the blood circulatory system is about 1 week

Reactions

 

References

  1. ^ MeSH Dextrothyroxine
  2. ^ C10AX01
v • d • e
Endocrine system: hormones/endocrine glands (Peptide hormones, Steroid hormones)
Hypothalamic-pituitary Hypothalamus: TRH, CRH , GnRH, GHRH, somatostatin, dopamine - Posterior pituitary: vasopressin, oxytocin - Anterior pituitary: α (FSH, LH, TSH), GH, prolactin, POMC (ACTH, MSH, endorphins, lipotropin)
Adrenal axis Adrenal medulla: epinephrine, norepinephrine - Adrenal cortex: aldosterone, cortisol, DHEA
Thyroid axis Thyroid: thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) - calcitonin - Parathyroid: PTH
Gonadal axisTestis: testosterone, AMH, inhibin - Ovary: estradiol, progesterone, inhibin/activin, relaxin (pregnancy)
Other end. glands Pancreas: glucagon, insulin, somatostatin - Pineal gland: melatonin
Non-end. glands Placenta: hCG, HPL, estrogen, progesterone - Kidney: renin, EPO, calcitriol, prostaglandin - Heart atrium: ANP - Stomach: gastrin, ghrelin - Duodenum: CCK, GIP, secretin, motilin, VIP - Ileum: enteroglucagon - Adipose tissue: leptin, adiponectin, resistin - Thymus: Thymosin - Thymopoietin - Skeleton: Osteocalcin - Liver/other: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1, IGF-2)
Target-derivedNGF, BDNF, NT-3
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Thyroxine". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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