Bulk temperature

In fluid dynamics, the bulk temperature, or the average fluid bulk temperature, is a convenient reference point for evaluating properties related to convective heat transfer, particularly in applications related to flow in pipes and ducts.

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The concept of the bulk temperature is that adiabatic mixing of the fluid from a given cross section of the duct will result in some equilibrium temperature that accurately reflects the average temperature of the moving fluid, more so than a simple average like the film temperature.

References

• Kreith, Frank, and Bohn, Mark S. "Principles of Heat Transfer, Sixth Edition." Brooks/Cole: Pacific Grove, CA, 2001.