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Base excess

In human physiology, base excess (see: base) refers to the amount of acid required to return the blood pH of an individual to the normal value (pH 7.4). The value is usually reported in units of (mEq/L). The normal value is somewhere between -3 to +3.

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The term and concept were first introduced by Astrup and Siggaard-Andersen in 1958.

Actual and standard

Actual base excess is the base excess in the blood.

Standard base excess is the value of base excess when the hemoglobin-value of 5g/l. This gives a better view of the base excess of the entire extracellular fluid. ^[1]

References

^ Acid-Base Tutorial - Terminology

v • d • e Urinary system, physiology: renal physiology and acid base physiology
Filtration	Renal blood flow - Ultrafiltration - Countercurrent exchange
Hormones affecting filtration	Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Aldosterone - Atrial natriuretic peptide
Secretion/clearance	Pharmacokinetics - Clearance of medications
Reabsorption	Solvent drag -Na⁺ - Cl^- -urea -glucose -oligopeptides -protein
Endocrine	Renin - Erythropoietin (EPO) - Calcitriol (Active vitamin D) - Prostaglandins
Assessing Renal function / Measures of dialysis	Glomerular filtration rate - Creatinine clearance - Renal clearance ratio - Urea reduction ratio - Kt/V - Standardized Kt/V - Hemodialysis product - PAH clearance (Effective renal plasma flow - Extraction ratio)
Acid base physiology	Fluid balance - Darrow Yannet diagram - Body water - Interstitial fluid - Extracellular fluid - Intracellular fluid/Cytosol - Plasma - Transcellular fluid - Base excess - Davenport diagram - Anion gap - Arterial blood gas
Buffering/compensation	Bicarbonate buffering system - Respiratory compensation - Renal compensation