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Astrophyllite



Astrophyllite

General
CategoryMineral
Chemical formula(K,Na)3(Fe++,Mn)7Ti2Si8O24(O,OH)7
Identification
ColorGolden brown to yellow; rarely greenish
Crystal habitTabular to bladed, radiating, stellate aggregates; lamellar masses
Crystal systemTriclinic
CleavagePerfect; into inflexible, inelastic plates
FractureUneven
Mohs Scale hardness3-4
LusterSubmetallic to vitreous
Refractive index1.67-1.75, biaxial positive
Birefringence0.050
PleochroismNone
StreakYellowish brown or white
Specific gravity3.2-3.4
FusibilityEasily to a dark magnetic glass
SolubilitySoluble in hydrochloric and sulfuric acid, but with difficulty

Astrophyllite is a very rare, brown to golden yellow hydrous potassium iron titanium silicate mineral. Belonging to the astrophyllite group, astrophyllite may be classed either as an inosilicate, phyllosilicate or an intermediate between the two. It forms an isomorphous series with kupletskite, to which it is visually identical and often intimately associated. Astrophyllite is of interest primarily to scientists and collectors.

Heavy, soft and fragile, astrophyllite typically forms as bladed, radiating stellate aggregates. It is this crystal habit that gives astrophyllite its name; from the Greek words astron meaning "star" and phyllon meaning "leaf." Its high, submetallic lustre and dark colour contrast sharply with the light coloured (felsic) matrix the mineral is regularly found within. Astrophyllite is usually opaque to translucent, but may be transparent in thin specimens.

As the crystals themselves possess perfect cleavage, they are typically left in situ, the entire aggregate often cut into slabs and polished. Owing to its limited availability and high cost, astrophyllite is seldom seen in an ornamental capacity. It is sometimes used in jewellery where it is fashioned into cabochons.

Found in cavities and fissures in unusual felsic igneous rocks, astrophyllite is associated with feldspar, mica, titanite, zircon, nepheline and aegirine. Common impurities include magnesium, aluminium, calcium, zirconium, niobium, and tantalum. It was first discovered in 1854 at its type locality; Laven Island, Norway. Interestingly, kupletskite was not known until 1956, over a hundred years later.

Astrophyllite is found in a few scarce, remote localities: Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada; Pikes Peak, Colorado, USA; Narsarsuk and Kangerdluarsuk, Greenland; Brevig, Norway; and the Kola Peninsula, Russia.

Along with kupletskite, astrophyllite grouped with: cesium-kupletskite, niobophyllite, zircophyllite, hydroastrophyllite, magnesiumastrophyllite, and niobokupletskite.

See also

 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Astrophyllite". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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