Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov

Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (Russian: Алексе́й Алексе́евич Абрико́сов) (born June 25, 1928) is a Russian theoretical physicist whose main contributions are in the field of condensed matter physics. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2003.

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Biography

Abrikosov was born in Moscow, Russian SFSR, USSR, on June 25, 1928. He graduated from the Moscow State University in 1948. From 1948 to 1965 he worked in the Institute for Physical Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences, where he received his Ph.D. in 1951 for the theory of thermal diffusion in plasmas and then the next degree, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences in 1955 for a thesis on quantum electrodynamics at high energies. From 1965 to 1988, he worked in the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics (USSR Academy of Sciences). He is a professor at Moscow State University since 1965. He was also Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences from 1987 to 1991. Since 1991 he has worked as an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In 1952, Abrikosov discovered the way in which magnetic flux can penetrate a superconductor. The phenomenon is known as type-II superconductivity, and the accompanying arrangement of magnetic flux lines is called the Abrikosov vortex lattice.

Since 1991 he worked in the Materials Science Division at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois on contract basis. He is a citizen of both Russia and the United States.

Honours and awards

Alexei Abrikosov was awarded Lenin Prize in 1966, the USSR State Prize in 1982, Fritz London Memorial Prize in 1972. He was the co-recipient of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics, with Vitaly Ginzburg and Anthony James Leggett.

References

A.A. Abrikosov "On the magnetic properties of superconductors of the second group", Soviet Physics JETP 5, 1174 (1957), page scans of the original article.