4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid

4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid

IUPAC name	4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid
Other names	Roxarson Roxarsone 2-Nitrophenol-4-arsonic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	121-19-7
Properties
Molecular formula	C₆H₆AsNO₆
Molar mass	263.04
Melting point	>300 °C
Hazards
Main hazards	Toxic
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid is an organic compound that is widely used as a food additive for chickens. The molecule is a derivative of phenylarsonic acid C₆H₅As(O)(OH)₂.

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This organoarsenic compound, usually under the tradename Roxarsone, has attracted attention because of the possibility that it contaminates the environment and the food chain with arsenic. 1M kilograms of this chemical was produced in 2006 in the US.^[1] This compound was first reported in a 1923 British patent which describes the nitration and diazatization of arsanilic acid.^[2]

References

^ Hileman, B. “Arsenic in Chicken Production” Chemical and Engineering News April 9, 2007, pp34-35.
^ GB 226255 19230718

J. R. Garbarino, A. J. Bednar, D. W. Rutherford, R. S. Beyer, and R. L. Wershaw (2003). "Environmental Fate of Roxarsone in Poultry Litter. I. Degradation of Roxarsone during Composting". Environ. Sci. Technol. 37 (8): 1509 -1514. doi:S0013-936X(02)06219-3 10.1021/es026219q S0013-936X(02)06219-3.
Chiou P. W.-S.; Chen K.-L.; Yu B.; (1997). "Effects of roxarsone on performance, toxicity, tissue accumulation and residue of eggs and excreta in laying". Journal of the science of food and agriculture 74 (2): 229-236. doi:<229::AID-JSFA793>3.0.CO;2-F 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199706)74:2<229::AID-JSFA793>3.0.CO;2-F.
R. L. Wershaw, J. R. Garbarino, and M. R. Burkhardt. "Roxarsone in Natural Water Systems".
KB Kerr, JR Narveson, FA Lux (1969). "Toxicity of an organic arsenical, 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid. Residues in chicken tissues". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry: 1400.