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(E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate
(E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMB-PP, HMBPP) or (E)-4-hydroxy-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (HDMAPP) is an intermediate of the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis.[1][2] The enzyme HMB-PP synthase (GcpE, IspG) catalyzes the conversion of 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (MEcPP) into HMB-PP, and HMB-PP is then converted further to isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) by HMB-PP reductase (LytB, IspH). Additional recommended knowledgeHMB-PP is an essential metabolite in most pathogenic bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as in malaria parasites, but is absent from the human host.[3] HMB-PP is the physiological activator ("phosphoantigen") for human Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells, the major γδ T cell population in peripheral blood. With a bioactivity of 0.1 nM it is 10,000-10,000,000 more potent than any other natural compound, such as IPP or alkyl amines.[4] References
Categories: Biomolecules | Metabolism | Organophosphates | Terpenes and terpenoids |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "(E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl_pyrophosphate". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |